A location intended by nature for cultivation.

Georgia is situated where Europe meets Asia. It is surrounded by the Black Sea to the west, Russia to the north, Turkey and Armenia to the south-west, and Azerbaijan to the east. Despite a compact footprint, Georgia spans a broad range of elevation as it climbs from the shores of the Black Sea to the soaring peaks of the Caucasus mountains, Europe’s highest mountain range.

More than one-third of Georgia lies in the mountains. In fact, the Greater Caucasus mountain range forms Georgia’s northern border with Russia. The soaring peaks reach 4000-5000 meters in altitude, with spectacular peaks creating a barrier that shields Georgia from cold air from the north, while leaving its western range open to the Black Sea’s warm, moist air—essential to its successful viticulture.

The southern slopes of the Caucasus merge into the central lowlands, near the Black Sea’s mineral-rich shores. Said to be home to 25,000 rivers, Georgia counts 14 major rivers that are responsible for carrying and depositing minerals into the soil—and forming the fine limestone caves and cave cities which dot Georgia’s landscape.

Roughly the size of Ireland or Austria, Georgia experiences a vastly varied climate that ranges from subtropical and lush to alpine to dry, near desert-like conditions. Western Georgia’s humid subtropical maritime climate sees rainfall year-round, while eastern Georgia ranges from moderately humid to dry. By contrast, the Kolkheti Lowland is defined by several climate zones—from subtropical to moderately warm and moist to cold and wet to alpine—with increases in elevation.